PEPTIDES

Classification Context

Section:

CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

Class:

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Subclass:

PEPTIDES

Scope Notes

Glossary: Amino acid Amino acids compounds in which at least one amino acid group and at least one carboxylic group are bound to the same carbon skeleton and the nitrogen atom of the amino group may form a ring. Normal peptide link normal peptide links a link between an alpha-amino group of an amino acid and the carboxylic group in position 1 of another alpha-amino acid. Abnormal peptide link abnormal peptide links a link where at least one of the linked amino acids is not an alpha-amino acid or a link formed by at least one carboxyl or amino group being a part of the side chain of an alpha-amino acid. Peptides peptide compounds containing at least two amino acid units, which are bound through at least one normal peptide link, including oligopeptides, polypeptides and proteins, where '''(i) Linear peptides linear peptides may comprise rings formed through S-S bridges, or through an hydroxy or a mercapto group of an hydroxy- or a mercapto-amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino acid (e.g. peptide lactones) but do not comprise rings which are formed only through peptide links; '''(ii) Cyclic peptides cyclic peptides peptides comprising at least one ring formed only through peptide links; the cyclisation may occur only through normal peptide links or through abnormal peptide links, e.g. through the 4-amino group of 2,4-diamino-butanoic acid. Thus, cyclic compounds in which at least one link in the ring is a non-peptide link are considered as "linear peptides"; '''(iii) Depsipeptides depsipeptides compounds containing a sequence of at least two alpha-amino acids and at least one alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acid, which are bound through at least one normal peptide link and ester links, derived from the hydroxy carboxylic acids, where ''''''(a) Linear depsipeptides linear depsipeptides may comprise rings formed through S-S bridges, or through an hydroxy or a mercapto group of an hydroxy- or mercapto-amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino- or hydroxy-acid but do not comprise rings formed only through peptide or ester links derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. Gly-Ala-Gly-OCH 2 CO 2 H and Gly-OCH 2 CO-Ala-Gly are considered as "linear depsipeptides", but HOCH 2 CO-Gly-Ala-Gly does not contain an ester link, and is thus a derivative of Gly-Ala-Gly which is covered by ; ''''''(b) Cyclic depsipeptides cyclic depsipeptides are peptides containing at least one ring formed only through peptide or ester links - derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids -, e.g. Gly-Ala-Gly-OCH 2 CO; '''(iv) hybrid peptides hybrid peptides are peptides produced through fusion or covalent binding of two or more heterologous peptides. Immunoglobulins immunoglobulin proteins produced by B cells, made up of two identical heavy and two identical light chains, held together by interchain disulfide bonds. Antibodies immonuglobins which interact with antigens. Monoclonal antibodies antibodies produced from a single clone of cells, and reactive with a single antigen. Polyclonal antibodies antibodies produced by a variety of cell clones, and reactive with a variety of antigens or with a variety of antigenic determinants (epitopes) on a single antigen. | Limiting references: Peptides containing ß-lactam rings Cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones Ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type Enzymes Genetic engineering processes for obtaining peptides Preparation of peptides and proteins by fermentation or enzyme-using processes Electrolytic production of organic compounds

Related Keywords

Child Classifications

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• C07K 1/00 General processes for the preparation of peptides
• C07K 11/00 Depsipeptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
• C07K 14/00 Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
• C07K 16/00 Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
• C07K 17/00 Carrier-bound or immobilised peptides; Preparation thereof
• C07K 19/00 Hybrid peptides
• C07K 2/00 Peptides of undefined number of amino acids; Derivatives thereof
• C07K 4/00 Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in an undefined or only partially defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
• C07K 5/00 Peptides having up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
• C07K 7/00 Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
• C07K 9/00 Peptides having up to 20 amino acids, containing saccharide radicals and having a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof