C08K Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09)
Introduced: September 1968
Description
C08K covers the incorporation of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic additives into macromolecular compound formulations, including fillers, reinforcing agents, plasticizers, colorants, and processing aids. This subclass addresses how these low-molecular-weight or mineral substances modify the properties of polymers and elastomers during compounding or formulation. The classification encompasses additives for improving mechanical strength, flexibility, thermal stability, electrical conductivity, and aesthetic properties of plastic and rubber compositions. C08K excludes the additives themselves (which fall under their respective chemical classes) and focuses specifically on their use and effect within macromolecular systems.
Title
Titles differ between systems:
IPC: USE OF INORGANIC OR NON-MACROMOLECULAR ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AS COMPOUNDING INGREDIENTS
CPC: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09)
Full Title
Full titles differ between systems:
USE OF INORGANIC OR NON-MACROMOLECULAR ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AS COMPOUNDING INGREDIENTS
Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09)
Additional Content IPC
Glossary
Acyclic The absence of a ring structure. Carbocyclic The presence of a ring or ring system where all ring members are carbons. Condensed The presence of two rings that share at least one ring member. Heterocyclic The presence of a ring or ring system wherein at least one ring member is not a carbon atom. Inorganic compound inorganic compounds Compound devoid of a carbon atom and containing a non-metallic element, or a compound containing a carbon atom, and satisfying one of the following criteria: the compound cannot have a carbon atom having direct bonding to another carbon atom, or the compound cannot have direct bonding between a carbon atom and a halogen or hydrogen atom, or the compound cannot have direct bonding between a carbon and a nitrogen atom by a single or double bond. The following are exceptions to the above and are to be considered as inorganic compounds: compounds consisting of only carbon atoms (e.g. fullerenes), cyanogen, cyanogen halides, cyanamide, metal carbides, phosgene, thiophosgene, hydrocyanic acid, isocyanic acid, isothiocyanic acid, fulminic acid, unsubstituted carbamic acid, and salts of the previously mentioned acids and which contain the same limitations as to a carbon atom. Macromolecular compound macromolecular compounds Natural or synthetic (co)polymer or resin or rubber Metal metals Any element other than hydrogen, carbon, halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and astatine), oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus, silicon, boron, noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon). Organic compound organic compounds Compound satisfying one of the following criteria: at least two carbon atoms bonded to each other, or one carbon atom bonded to at least one hydrogen atom or halogen atom, or one carbon atom bonded to at least one nitrogen atom by a single or double bond. Exceptions to the above criteria are: compounds consisting of only carbon atoms (e.g. fullerenes), cyanogen, cyanogen halides, cyanamide, metal carbides, phosgene, thiophosgene, hydrocyanic acid, isocyanic acid, isothiocyanic acid, fulminic acid, unsubstituted carbamic acid, and salts of the previously mentioned acids; these exceptions are considered to be inorganic compounds for classification purposes. Quinone quinones Compound derived from compounds containing a six-membered aromatic ring or a system comprising six-membered aromatic rings (which system may be condensed or not condensed) by replacing two or four >CH groups of the six-membered aromatic rings by >C=O groups, and by removing one or two carbon-to-carbon double bonds, respectively, and rearranging the remaining carbon-to-carbon double bonds to give a ring or ring system with alternating double bonds, including the carbon-to-oxygen bonds; this means that acenaphthenequinone or camphorquinone are not considered as quinones.
Application references
Disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides Pharmaceutical, medical, medicinal, dental, therapeutical or cosmetic compositions , Layered products Compositions of cements, mortars, concrete or ceramics Explosive or thermic compositions Use of reinforcing fibrous material in the manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances Organic dyes and pigments; Mordants; Lakes Treatment of inorganic materials to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties Paints based on inorganic substances, with or without organic additives Anti-corrosive paints containing metal dust Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides, pesticides Magnetisable or magnetic paints or lacquers Electrically-conductive paints Paints containing free metal Other additives in coating compositions Use of compounds as anti-settling agents in coating compositions Use of compounds as anti-skinning agents in coating Use of compounds as levelling agents in coating compositions Chemical paint or ink removers with abrasives Chemical paint or ink removers with surface-active agents Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints Polishing compositions , Electrically-conductive adhesives Non-macromolecular additives in adhesives Inorganic additives in adhesives Organic additives in adhesives Macromolecular additives in adhesives Compositions for sealing or packing joints or covers Compositions for stopping leaks Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells Soil-conditioning or soil-stabilising materials Lubricating compositions Detergent compositions Artificial filaments or fibres Textile treating compositions , Conductors or insulators
Of 7 combined children, 6 exist in both systems.
1 codes are CPC-only extensions.
Note: 1 CPC extensions are marked as secondary classification only.
1 shared codes have differing titles between IPC and CPC.
Child Classifications
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- C08K 11/00 Use of ingredients of unknown constitution, e.g. undefined reaction products since 1974 +1 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C08K 13/00 Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential since 1985 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C08K 3/00 Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients since 1974 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
Top Applicants
Top Applicants (IPC)
Class C08,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- LG CHEM KR 14,262
- DOW GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES US 12,486
- BASF (BADISCHE ANILIN & SODA FABRIK) DE 9,858
- SINOPEC (CHINA PETROCHEMICAL CORPORATION) 7,877
- CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 6,993
- FUJIFILM JP 5,049
- 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY (MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY) US 4,923
- SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL COMPANY JP 4,517
- BOREALIS AT 4,213
- ARKEMA FR 4,098
Top Applicants (CPC)
Class C08,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- LG CHEM KR 15,432
- DOW GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES US 14,214
- BASF (BADISCHE ANILIN & SODA FABRIK) DE 11,155
- 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY (MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY) US 6,455
- FUJIFILM JP 6,178
- CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 5,569
- SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL COMPANY JP 5,506
- SINOPEC (CHINA PETROCHEMICAL CORPORATION) 5,443
- TORAY INDUSTRIES JP 4,635
- NITTO DENKO CORPORATION JP 4,620