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DIFF Subgroup
D21H 21/44

Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods

Introduced: January 1990

Full Title

Full titles differ between systems:

IPC:

Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties > characterised by function or properties in or on the paper > Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper > Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods

CPC:

Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties > characterised by function or properties in or on the paper (D21H19/66, D21H27/02 take precedence) > Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper (watermarking B41M3/10, D21F1/44; security printing B41M3/14; securities or banknotes characterised by colour effects B42D25/29, B42D25/30; testing paper currency or valuable papers for genuineness G07D7/00) > Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods

IPC and CPC are identically structured here. All 2 subcodes exist in both systems.

IPC defines codes here since 1990.

Child Classifications

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  • D21H 21/46 Elements suited for chemical verification or impeding chemical tampering, e.g. by use of eradicators since 1990 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
  • D21H 21/48 Elements suited for physical verification, e.g. by irradiation since 1990 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC

Top Applicants

Top Applicants (IPC)

Class D21,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT

  1. VOITH PATENT DE 1,809
  2. STORA ENSO FI 1,467
  3. KEMIRA FI 1,086
  4. KIMBERLY-CLARK CORPORATION US 935
  5. VALMET TECHNOLOGIES FI 924
  6. VALMET SE 904
  7. P&G (PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY) US 862
  8. OJI HOLDINGS CORPORATION 696
  9. OMYA INTERNATIONAL CH 584
  10. SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 571

Top Applicants (CPC)

Class D21,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT

  1. VOITH PATENT DE 1,857
  2. STORA ENSO FI 1,552
  3. KEMIRA FI 1,173
  4. KIMBERLY-CLARK CORPORATION US 1,107
  5. VALMET TECHNOLOGIES FI 965
  6. VALMET SE 943
  7. P&G (PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY) US 941
  8. OMYA INTERNATIONAL CH 821
  9. UPM-KYMMENE CORPORATION FI 512
  10. SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION JP 501