Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's

Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring > Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance > Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes > Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out nines or elevens

Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring (error detection, correction or monitoring in information storage based on relative movement between record carrier and transducer G11B20/18; monitoring, i.e. supervising the progress of recording or reproducing G11B27/36; in static stores G11C29/00) > Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance > Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes > Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's