C12Y ENZYMES
Description
C12Y covers enzyme classifications organized by enzymatic function and reaction type, enabling detailed categorization of biocatalysts across industrial and research applications. This subclass structures enzyme patents according to the Enzyme Commission (EC) classification system, facilitating precise identification of specific enzyme activities such as oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, and ligases. It encompasses enzymes used in biotechnology processes, pharmaceutical synthesis, food production, diagnostics, and genetic engineering, as well as novel enzymes derived from natural or engineered sources. The classification distinguishes between enzyme types by catalytic mechanism rather than source organism, making it essential for patent professionals navigating enzyme-related inventions in biochemical and biotechnological fields.
66 direct subcodes
Child Classifications
Navigate with arrow keys, Enter to open
- C12Y 101/00 Oxidoreductases acting on the CH-OH group of donors (1.1)
- C12Y 102/00 Oxidoreductases acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors (1.2)
- C12Y 103/00 Oxidoreductases acting on the CH-CH group of donors (1.3)
- C12Y 104/00 Oxidoreductases acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors (1.4)
- C12Y 105/00 Oxidoreductases acting on the CH-NH group of donors (1.5)
- C12Y 106/00 Oxidoreductases acting on NADH or NADPH (1.6)
- C12Y 107/00 Oxidoreductases acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors (1.7)
- C12Y 108/00 Oxidoreductases acting on sulfur groups as donors (1.8)
- C12Y 109/00 Oxidoreductases acting on a heme group of donors (1.9)
- C12Y 110/00 Oxidoreductases acting on diphenols and related substances as donors (1.10)
- C12Y 111/00 Oxidoreductases acting on a peroxide as acceptor (1.11)
- C12Y 112/00 Oxidoreductases acting on hydrogen as donor (1.12)
- C12Y 113/00 Oxidoreductases acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases) (1.13)
- C12Y 114/00 Oxidoreductases acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (1.14)
- C12Y 115/00 Oxidoreductases acting on superoxide as acceptor (1.15)
- C12Y 116/00 Oxidoreductases oxidizing metal ions (1.16)
- C12Y 117/00 Oxidoreductases acting on CH or CH2 groups (1.17)
- C12Y 118/00 Oxidoreductases acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors (1.18)
- C12Y 119/00 Oxidoreductases acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor (1.19)
- C12Y 120/00 Oxidoreductases acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors (1.20)
Top Applicants
Top 10 applicants by patent filingsfor class C12, 2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- HARVARD UNIVERSITY US 8,321
- CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 7,486
- UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA US 7,320
- REGENERON PHARMACEUTICALS US 5,003
- INSERM (INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE) FR 4,292
- UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA US 4,213
- CNRS (CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE) FR 4,113
- JIANGNAN UNIVERSITY 3,961
- ROCHE CH 3,792
- ILLUMINA US 3,692