C12R INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
Description
C12R is an indexing scheme that organizes microorganisms used in biochemical, fermentation, and biotechnological processes according to their taxonomic or functional characteristics. This classification facilitates cross-referencing of patent documents across other C12 subclasses (such as fermentation, enzyme production, and genetic engineering) by identifying the specific microorganism or microbial type involved. It serves as a supplementary classification tool rather than a standalone subject matter classification, enabling systematic retrieval of patents involving particular microorganisms in beer production, vinegar manufacturing, wine fermentation, enzyme engineering, and mutation/genetic modification contexts.
1 direct subcode
Child Classifications
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- C12R 2001/00 Microorganisms
Top Applicants
Top 10 applicants by patent filingsfor class C12, 2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- HARVARD UNIVERSITY US 8,321
- CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 7,486
- UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA US 7,320
- REGENERON PHARMACEUTICALS US 5,003
- INSERM (INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE) FR 4,292
- UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA US 4,213
- CNRS (CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE) FR 4,113
- JIANGNAN UNIVERSITY 3,961
- ROCHE CH 3,792
- ILLUMINA US 3,692