APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)

Description

H02M encompasses apparatus and methods for converting electrical power between different forms: AC-to-AC, AC-to-DC, and DC-to-DC conversions, as well as generating surge or pulse output from steady input power. This subclass covers rectifiers, inverters, frequency converters, voltage regulators, power supplies, and associated control and regulation circuits designed for use with utility mains, battery systems, or similar primary power sources. The classification includes both the converter hardware (transformers, semiconductor switching devices, reactive components) and control systems that manage conversion efficiency, output stability, and protection against electrical faults. Related switching power supplies, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and stabilized voltage/frequency supplies fall within this scope.