B01D SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
Introduced: September 1968
Description
B01D encompasses physical and chemical processes and apparatus for separating materials based on differences in their physical or chemical properties. This subclass covers a broad range of separation technologies including filtration, distillation, evaporation, crystallization, adsorption, chromatography, centrifugation, and membrane-based processes. The classification applies to apparatus and methods for liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, gas-liquid, and gas-solid separations across industrial, laboratory, and environmental applications. Adjacent classes address more specialized separation contexts (such as metallurgical processes in B22 or specific chemical syntheses), whereas B01D focuses on fundamental separation operations applicable across multiple technical fields.
Title
Titles differ between systems:
IPC: SEPARATION
CPC: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
Full Title
Full titles differ between systems:
SEPARATION
SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
Additional Content IPC
Glossary
Filtration The separation of a fluid-solid mixture, involving passage of most of the fluid through a porous barrier which retains most of the solid particulates contained in the mixture; includes straining solids from fluids. Filter medium filter media A porous barrier or porous arrangement of material, which lets a fluid pass while retaining most of the solids which were mixed with it. Filtering element filtering elements A section of filter medium in addition to parts to which the medium is demountably or permanently fixed, including other sections of medium, end caps, peripheral frames or edge strips, but excluding housings. Filter housing The fluid-constraining impervious vessel, whether open or closed, which contains, or is adapted to contain one or more filtering elements or filter media. Filter chamber filter chambers The space within a housing where filtering elements or filter media are located; partitions may divide a single housing into a plurality of chambers. Filtering apparatus Filtering elements combined with housings, cleaning arrangements, motor or like parts, which are characteristic of the particular type of apparatus. Ancillary devices such as pumps or valves are considered part of a filtering apparatus when inside the apparatus. Ancillary devices performing similar or different unit operations such as comminutors, mixers or non-filtering separators, whether or not inside the apparatus, are not considered part of a filtering apparatus. The term does not extend to apparatus, e.g. washing machines, of which the filter forms only a part.
Limiting references
Separating solids from solids by wet methods , Separating solids from solids using liquids or using pneumatic jigs or tables Magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields Flotation, differential sedimentation Separating solids from solids by dry methods, e.g. sieving, screening, sifting or using gas currents Centrifuges Vortex apparatus, e.g. cyclones Presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material Making single crystals Into single crystals Manufacture of hollow fibres , Separation of difficult-to-condense gases or air by liquefaction Condensers
Application references
Blood or infusion liquid filters Screens or sieves per se Extrusion filters Filtering spinning solution or melt Filtration of lubricants Suction cleaner filters Filters for breathing-protection purposes Filtering air for vehicles Separating pneumatically-conveyed materials from propelling gas Exhaust or silencing apparatus for machines or engines having means for removing solid constituents of exhaust Air cleaners for the intakes of gas-turbine or jet-propulsion plants Air cleaners for the intakes of combustion engines Filters for liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines Air cleaners for the intakes of compressors Filtering in air-conditioning , Arrangement or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation Purification or separation of nitrogen Working-up unidentified gaseous mixtures obtained by cracking hydrocarbon oils Cleaning coal gas Working-up of natural gas, or synthetic natural gas Investigating materials Treatment of milk by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration Treatment of milk by electrodialysis Artificial kidneys Treatment of water e.g. softening of water by ion-exchange , Treatment of water by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis Treatment of water by electrodialysis Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with dialysis means Production or purification of sugar juices, e.g. by osmosis Extraction of sugar from molasses, e.g. by osmosis Diaphragms for electrolysis , Osmosis as energy source
Of 67 combined children, 38 exist in both systems.
29 codes are CPC-only extensions.
Note: 29 CPC extensions are marked as secondary classification only.
22 shared codes have differing titles between IPC and CPC.
Child Classifications
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- B01D 1/00 Evaporating ( ; removal of incrustation B08B; preparation of starch C08B30/00; sugar industry C13; prevention of incrustation C23F; drying solid materials or objects by evaporating liquids therefrom F26) +6 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- B01D 12/00 Displacing liquid, e.g. from wet solids or from dispersions of liquids or from solids in liquids, by means of another liquid IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- B01D 15/00 Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor −1 IPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- B01D 17/00 Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion (devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material from water, waste water, or sewage C02F1/40; cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like materials E02B15/04; arrangements for separating lubricants from refrigerants F25B43/02) +2 CPC −1 IPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- B01D 21/00 Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation ( ; differential sedimentation B03D3/00; devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material from water, waste water or sewage C02F1/40) +16 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- B01D 2202/00 Details concerning evaporation, distillation or condensation 2nd only +2 CPC CPC only CPC only
- B01D 2239/00 Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids 2nd only +6 CPC CPC only CPC only
- B01D 2247/00 Details relating to the separation of dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent 2nd only +7 CPC CPC only CPC only
- B01D 2252/00 Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption 2nd only +6 CPC CPC only CPC only
- B01D 2253/00 Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours 2nd only +4 CPC CPC only CPC only
- B01D 2256/00 Main component in the product gas stream after treatment 2nd only +9 CPC CPC only CPC only
Top Applicants
Top Applicants (IPC)
Class B01,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- SINOPEC (CHINA PETROCHEMICAL CORPORATION) 16,893
- CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 11,733
- BASF (BADISCHE ANILIN & SODA FABRIK) DE 3,898
- LG CHEM KR 3,367
- PETROCHINA COMPANY 3,224
- IFPEN (IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES) FR 3,042
- ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY 2,890
- MANN + HUMMEL DE 2,740
- JOHNSON MATTHEY GB 2,534
- SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY SA 2,527
Top Applicants (CPC)
Class B01,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- SINOPEC (CHINA PETROCHEMICAL CORPORATION) 10,345
- CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 8,352
- BASF (BADISCHE ANILIN & SODA FABRIK) DE 5,134
- LG CHEM KR 4,290
- SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY SA 3,444
- IFPEN (IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES) FR 3,417
- DOW GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES US 3,195
- MANN + HUMMEL DE 2,822
- JOHNSON MATTHEY GB 2,802
- UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY (UOP) US 2,737