C10G CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
Introduced: September 1968
Description
C10G encompasses processes for converting and refining crude hydrocarbon feedstocks into usable liquid and solid products through thermal, catalytic, and chemical transformation methods. This includes cracking operations (thermal and catalytic), hydrogenation processes for destructive or non-destructive conversion, oligomerisation and polymerisation of lighter hydrocarbons, and recovery techniques for hydrocarbons from unconventional sources such as oil-shale, oil-sand, and associated gases. The subclass also covers refining and purification of hydrocarbon mixtures and naphtha reforming for octane enhancement, as well as production and refining of mineral waxes derived from petroleum. Related processing of lubricants and specialty hydrocarbon products fall under adjacent subclasses within C10.
Title
Titles differ between systems:
IPC: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
CPC: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
Full Title
Full titles differ between systems:
CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
Additional Content IPC
Glossary
Cracking Cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as heavy hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules (e.g. light hydrocarbons) by the breaking of carbon-carbon bonds in the precursors. The rate of cracking and the end products are strongly dependent on the temperature and presence of any catalysts. Refining Refining is the process of purification of a substance. The term is usually used of a natural resource that is almost in a usable form, but which is more useful in a purer form. For instance, most types of natural petroleum will burn straight from the ground, but they will burn poorly and quickly clog an engine with residues and byproducts. The term "refining" is broad and may include more drastic transformations. The refining of liquids is often accomplished by distillation or fractionation. Reforming (catalytic) Thermal or catalytic reforming is a chemical process used to convert naphtha boiling range feedstocks, typically having low octane ratings, into high-octane liquid products called reformates which are components of high-octane gasoline (also known as petrol). The process represents the total effect of numerous simultaneous reactions, such as dehydrogenation, isomerisation, cracking and polymerisation.
Limiting references
Mechanical winning of oil from oil-shale, oil-sand or the like Cracking mainly to hydrogen or synthesis gas Preparation of individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution, including by cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases Compositions essentially based on waxes Chemical modification of drying-oils by voltolising Cracking to produce cokes
Of 39 combined children, 37 exist in both systems.
2 codes are CPC-only extensions.
Note: 2 CPC extensions are marked as secondary classification only.
17 shared codes have differing titles between IPC and CPC.
Child Classifications
Navigate with arrow keys, Enter to open
- C10G 1/00 Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal (mechanical winning of oil from oil-shales, oil-sand, or the like B03B) +4 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 11/00 Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils (cracking in direct contact with molten metals or salts C10G9/34) IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 15/00 Cracking of hydrocarbon oils by electric means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, by particle radiation or with gases superheated in electric arcs IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 17/00 Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 19/00 Refining hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 2/00 Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon since 1990 +3 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 21/00 Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents (C10G17/00, C10G19/00 take precedence) +2 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 2300/00 Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00 2nd only +5 CPC CPC only CPC only
- C10G 2400/00 Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14 2nd only +15 CPC CPC only CPC only
- C10G 25/00 Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents +2 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 27/00 Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by oxidation IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 29/00 Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 3/00 Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids (production from non-melting solid oxygen-containing carbonaceous materials C10G1/00) +6 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 31/00 Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for (by distillation C10G7/00) IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 32/00 Refining of hydrocarbon oils by electric or magnetic means, by irradiation, or by using microorganisms since 1980 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 33/00 Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils (by distillation C10G7/04) IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 45/00 Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds since 1980 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 47/00 Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions (C10G15/00 takes precedence; destructive hydrogenation of non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials C10G1/06) since 1980 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- C10G 49/00 Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00 since 1980 +3 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
Top Applicants
Top Applicants (IPC)
Class C10,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- SINOPEC (CHINA PETROCHEMICAL CORPORATION) 8,875
- SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY SA 2,245
- PETROCHINA COMPANY 2,028
- EXXONMOBIL RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY US 1,980
- IFPEN (IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES) FR 1,963
- SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ NL 1,878
- CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 1,829
- UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY (UOP) US 1,787
- LUBRIZOL CORPORATION US 1,277
- BASF (BADISCHE ANILIN & SODA FABRIK) DE 1,268
Top Applicants (CPC)
Class C10,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- SINOPEC (CHINA PETROCHEMICAL CORPORATION) 5,831
- SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY SA 2,918
- IFPEN (IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES) FR 2,305
- EXXONMOBIL RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY US 2,282
- UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY (UOP) US 2,268
- SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ NL 2,124
- BASF (BADISCHE ANILIN & SODA FABRIK) DE 1,487
- CHEVRON CORPORATION US 1,400
- PETROCHINA COMPANY 1,372
- LUBRIZOL CORPORATION US 1,324