DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof (DNA or RNA not used in recombinant technology, C07H21/00);

Introduced: January 1990

Title

Titles differ between systems:

IPC: DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof

CPC: DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof (DNA or RNA not used in recombinant technology, C07H21/00);

Full Title

Full titles differ between systems:

IPC:

Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor > Recombinant DNA-technology > DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof

CPC:

Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor (mutants or genetically engineered microorganisms, per se C12N1/00, C12N5/00, C12N7/00; new plants per se A01H; plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques A01H4/00; new animals per se A01K67/00; use of medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases, gene therapy A61K48/00) > Recombinant DNA-technology > DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof (DNA or RNA not used in recombinant technology, C07H21/00);

Of 10 combined children, 5 exist in both systems.

1 codes are CPC-only extensions, 4 exist only in IPC.

1 shared codes have differing titles between IPC and CPC.

IPC defines codes here since 1990.

Child Classifications

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C12N 15/111 CPC only CPC only
C12N 15/113 Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; since 2010 +5 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
C12N 15/115 Aptamers, i.e. nucleic acids binding a target molecule specifically and with high affinity without hybridising therewith since 2010 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
C12N 15/117 Nucleic acids having immunomodulatory properties, e.g. containing CpG-motifs since 2010 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
C12N 15/12 Genes encoding animal proteins since 1990 −5 IPC IPC only IPC only
C12N 15/29 Genes encoding plant proteins, e.g. thaumatin since 1990 IPC only IPC only
C12N 15/3 Genes encoding protozoal proteins, e.g. from Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, Eimeria since 1990 IPC only IPC only
C12N 15/31 Genes encoding microbial proteins, e.g. enterotoxins since 1990 −2 IPC IPC only IPC only
C12N 15/52 Genes encoding for enzymes or proenzymes since 1990 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
C12N 15/62 DNA sequences coding for fusion proteins since 1990 +1 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC

Top Applicants

Top Applicants (IPC)

Class C12,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT

CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 10,330
HARVARD UNIVERSITY US 7,308
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA US 6,383
JIANGNAN UNIVERSITY 5,144
MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY US 4,121
PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL US 3,630
REGENERON PHARMACEUTICALS US 3,515
CNRS (CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE) FR 3,499
INSERM (INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE) FR 3,371
CJ CHEILJEDANG CORPORATION KR 3,361

Top Applicants (CPC)

Class C12,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT

HARVARD UNIVERSITY US 8,321
CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 7,486
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA US 7,320
REGENERON PHARMACEUTICALS US 5,003
INSERM (INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE) FR 4,292
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA US 4,213
CNRS (CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE) FR 4,113
JIANGNAN UNIVERSITY 3,961
ROCHE CH 3,792
ILLUMINA US 3,692