DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION (water and air traps, air venting F16)

Introduced: September 1968

Description

F28F covers structural and functional components applicable to heat-exchange apparatus regardless of their specific application or type. This subclass addresses design elements such as tube arrangements, fin geometries, baffles, supports, sealing devices, and corrosion-resistant coatings that improve heat transfer efficiency or apparatus durability. It encompasses both the mechanical construction details and auxiliary features common to various heat exchangers, including tubes, plates, and matrix elements used across refrigeration, air conditioning, industrial cooling, and thermal management systems. This classification excludes apparatus-specific details covered by more specialized classes (e.g., F28D for plate or frame heat exchangers, F28G for condensers) and focuses instead on universal design principles and modifications applicable across different heat-exchange technologies.

Title

Titles differ between systems:

IPC: DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION

CPC: DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION (water and air traps, air venting F16)

Full Title

Full titles differ between systems:

IPC:

DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION

CPC:

DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION (water and air traps, air venting F16)

CPC subdivides this area 2x more granularly than IPC with 16 additional codes.

16 codes are CPC-only extensions.

Note: 16 CPC extensions are marked as secondary classification only.

8 shared codes have differing titles between IPC and CPC.

Child Classifications

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F28F 1/00 Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements (specially adapted for movement F28F5/00) +2 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
F28F 11/00 Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits (stopping flow from or in pipes in general F16L55/10) IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
F28F 13/00 Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing (F28F1/00 - F28F11/00 take precedence) +3 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
F28F 17/00 Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus +1 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
F28F 19/00 Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters +4 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
F28F 21/00 Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials +2 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
F28F 2200/00 Prediction; Simulation; Testing 2nd only +1 CPC CPC only CPC only
F28F 2210/00 Heat exchange conduits 2nd only +5 CPC CPC only CPC only
F28F 2215/00 Fins 2nd only +7 CPC CPC only CPC only
F28F 2220/00 Closure means, e.g. end caps on header boxes or plugs on conduits 2nd only CPC only CPC only
F28F 2225/00 Reinforcing means 2nd only +4 CPC CPC only CPC only
F28F 2230/00 Sealing means 2nd only CPC only CPC only
F28F 2235/00 Means for filling gaps between elements, e.g. between conduits within casings 2nd only CPC only CPC only
F28F 2240/00 Spacing means 2nd only CPC only CPC only
F28F 2245/00 Coatings; Surface treatments 2nd only +4 CPC CPC only CPC only
F28F 2250/00 Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns 2nd only +5 CPC CPC only CPC only
F28F 2255/00 Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes 2nd only +10 CPC CPC only CPC only
F28F 2260/00 Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures 2nd only +1 CPC CPC only CPC only
F28F 2265/00 Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction 2nd only +14 CPC CPC only CPC only
F28F 2270/00 Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling 2nd only +1 CPC CPC only CPC only