Section F: Mechanical Engineering; Lighting; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
~8,163,087
Applications (2013–2023)
PATSTAT worldwide
19
Classes
103
Subclasses
1,510
Main Groups
9,609
IPC
28,141
CPC
Description
Section F encompasses mechanical engineering disciplines and related technologies that convert energy into motion or mechanical work. It covers a broad range of industrial applications including engines, turbines, pumps, compressors, mechanical transmission systems, and fluid handling equipment. The section also includes auxiliary technologies such as lighting devices, heating systems, weapons, and blasting equipment. This section excludes electrical engineering (Class H) and chemical processes unrelated to mechanical operation, focusing instead on the mechanical principles and physical systems underlying these diverse technological fields.
Visualizations
Size of each class by number of subgroups
| Class | Title | Descendants |
|---|---|---|
| F01 | MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES | 2,187 |
| F02 | COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS | 3,467 |
| F03 | MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR | 698 |
| F04 | POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS | 1,905 |
| F05 | INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04 | 1,399 |
| F15 | FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL | 728 |
| F16 | ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL | 7,600 |
| F17 | STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS | 651 |
| F21 | LIGHTING | 977 |
| F22 | STEAM GENERATION | 467 |
| F23 | COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES | 1,679 |
| F24 | HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING | 1,744 |
| F25 | REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES | 1,522 |
| F26 | DRYING | 326 |
| F27 | FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS | 892 |
| F28 | HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL | 662 |
| F41 | WEAPONS | 1,010 |
| F42 | AMMUNITION; BLASTING | 530 |
| F99 | SUBJECT MATTER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR IN THIS SECTION | 2 |
Classification entries by hierarchy level
Of 19 combined children, 18 exist in both systems.
1 codes are CPC-only extensions.
4 shared codes have differing titles between IPC and CPC.
Child Classifications
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- F01 MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES heading IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F02 COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS heading IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F03 MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR heading IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F04 POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS heading IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F05 INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04 heading +3 CPC CPC only CPC only
- F15 FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL heading IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F16 ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL heading IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F25 REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES heading IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F99 SUBJECT MATTER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR IN THIS SECTION heading IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
Top Applicants
Top Applicants (IPC)
Section F,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- GREE ELECTRIC APPLIANCES 34,236
- HAIER SMART HOME 32,098
- MIDEA 31,650
- TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION 28,871
- SCHAEFFLER TECHNOLOGIES & COMPANY DE 22,525
- GUANGDONG MIDEA REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT COMPANY 20,870
- GE (GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY) US 19,606
- ROBERT BOSCH DE 19,178
- LG ELECTRONICS KR 18,896
- HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY KR 15,474
Top Applicants (CPC)
Section F,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- GE (GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY) US 44,344
- SCHAEFFLER TECHNOLOGIES & COMPANY DE 26,416
- UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION (UTC) US 25,142
- LG ELECTRONICS KR 23,334
- ROBERT BOSCH DE 21,386
- TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION JP 21,222
- HAIER SMART HOME 20,416
- SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES FR 17,883
- HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY KR 17,853
- GREE ELECTRIC APPLIANCES 16,857