Generation of oscillations using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, devices using spin transfer effects, devices using giant magnetoresistance, or using super-conductivity effects

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Spin torque Torque of electron spin interacting with permanent magnetic field Spin-transfer torque oscillator Partially magnetized multilayer structure generating current oscillations when a DC voltage is applied Spin valve Partially magnetized multilayer structure leading to precession of electron spin of a traversing current Josephson Junction Two superconductors linked by a non-conducting barrier