MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS (making particular articles by working sheet metal without essentially removing material B21D; processing wire B21F; making pins, needles or nails B21G; making particular articles by rolling B21H; forging machines, pressing machines, hammering machines, in general B21J; making chains B21L; plating B23K)

Introduced: September 1968

Description

B21K covers mechanical metal-working processes that form metal products through forging, pressing, or similar deformation techniques without substantial material removal. This includes manufacturing discrete metal articles such as rivets, bolts, horseshoes, wheels, and other components shaped by impact, pressure, or combined force. The classification encompasses both the machinery and methods for cold or hot forming operations, as well as finishing steps integral to the forging or pressing process. Adjacent classes (B21C-B21F) address continuous or specialized metal-forming operations, while B21H-B21J cover metal-cutting and surface-treatment activities excluded from this subclass.

Title

Titles differ between systems:

IPC: MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS

CPC: MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS (making particular articles by working sheet metal without essentially removing material B21D; processing wire B21F; making pins, needles or nails B21G; making particular articles by rolling B21H; forging machines, pressing machines, hammering machines, in general B21J; making chains B21L; plating B23K)

Full Title

Full titles differ between systems:

IPC:

MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS

CPC:

MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS (making particular articles by working sheet metal without essentially removing material B21D; processing wire B21F; making pins, needles or nails B21G; making particular articles by rolling B21H; forging machines, pressing machines, hammering machines, in general B21J; making chains B21L; plating B23K)

IPC and CPC are identically structured here. All 16 subcodes exist in both systems.

5 shared codes have differing titles between IPC and CPC.

Child Classifications

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B21K 1/00 Making machine elements IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 11/00 Making cutlery wares; Making garden tools or the like IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 13/00 Making locksmiths' goods, e.g. handles for cases IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 15/00 Making blacksmiths' goods IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 17/00 Making sport articles, e.g. skates IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 19/00 Making articles for agricultural machinery IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 21/00 Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group (essentially from sheet-metal or uniform thin-walled tubes B21D, e.g. B21D41/00, B21D51/00) IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 23/00 Making other articles IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 25/00 Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components (uniting by interference- or press-fitting B23P11/02, B21K19/02) +1 CPC IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 27/00 Handling devices, e.g. for feeding, aligning, discharging, Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 29/00 Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing (for preparing metal stock to be forged or pressed B21J1/06; heating equipment per se, see the appropriate classes, e.g. H05B) IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 3/00 Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 31/00 Control devices specially adapted for positioning tool carriers IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 5/00 Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 7/00 Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
B21K 9/00 Reconditioning railroad accessories, e.g. rails IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC

Top Applicants

Top Applicants (IPC)

Class B21,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT

JFE STEEL 2,318
JFE STEEL JP 2,294
POSCO (POHANG IRON AND STEEL COMPANY) KR 2,083
NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION JP 1,650
NSSMC (NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL) JP 1,631
SMS GROUP DE 1,472
BAOSHAN IRON & STEEL COMPANY 1,181
SGCC(STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA) 1,079
ANHUI JIANGHUAI AUTOMOBILE 984
HYUNDAI STEEL COMPANY KR 980

Top Applicants (CPC)

Class B21,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT

JFE STEEL JP 2,667
NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION JP 2,049
POSCO (POHANG IRON AND STEEL COMPANY) KR 1,967
NSSMC (NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL) JP 1,800
SMS GROUP DE 1,538
JFE STEEL 1,150
ARCELORMITTAL LU 1,142
BAOSHAN IRON & STEEL COMPANY 821
HYUNDAI STEEL COMPANY KR 808
THYSSENKRUPP STEEL EUROPE DE 660