FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES

Introduced: September 1968

Classification Context

Section:: PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
Class:: MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
Subclass:: FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES

Description

B21J covers mechanical metal-working processes that shape metal through deformation without material removal, including forging, hammering, pressing, and riveting operations. This classification encompasses the machinery, tools, and furnaces used in these processes, such as forging presses, hammers, dies, and the heating equipment necessary for hot-working metals. It applies to both manual and automated systems for cold and hot forming of metals into desired shapes, as well as the assembly of metal components through riveting. Adjacent classifications B21B (rolling) and B21D (sheet-metal working) address rolling and shearing/bending processes respectively, distinguishing them from the compressive deformation methods covered here.

Related Keywords

CIRCLETSDRIFT(S)perforating or DRIFTING metal by forgingFORGING(S)joining by FORGING(S)HAMMERING metalJOINING metal parts together by forging, pressing or rivetingdrifting or PIERCING of metalshaping metal by PRESSINGSTAMPING by forging; stamps thereforSWAGING metalUPSETTING metal

10 direct subcodes

Child Classifications

Navigate with arrow keys, Enter to open

B21J 1/00 Preparing metal stock
B21J 11/00 Forging hammers combined with forging presses; Forging machines with provision for hammering and pressing
B21J 13/00 Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
B21J 15/00 Riveting
B21J 17/00 Forge furnaces
B21J 19/00 Blacksmiths' requisites not otherwise provided for
B21J 3/00 Lubricating during forging or pressing
B21J 5/00 Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
B21J 7/00 Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
B21J 9/00 Forging presses

Top Applicants

Top 10 applicants by patent filingsfor class B21, 2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT

JFE STEEL 2,318
JFE STEEL JP 2,294
POSCO (POHANG IRON AND STEEL COMPANY) KR 2,083
NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION JP 1,650
NSSMC (NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL) JP 1,631
SMS GROUP DE 1,472
BAOSHAN IRON & STEEL COMPANY 1,181
SGCC(STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA) 1,079
ANHUI JIANGHUAI AUTOMOBILE 984
HYUNDAI STEEL COMPANY KR 980