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IPC Subgroup
C12N 1/2

Bacteria; Culture media therefor

Introduced: January 1980

Last revised: January 2026

Full Title

Microorganisms; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor > Bacteria; Culture media therefor

Classification Context

Section:
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
Class:
BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
Subclass:
MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA

Filing statistics

IPC C12N 1/2 belongs to the parent subclass C12N, which recorded 650,624 patent applications worldwide between 2013 and 2023. Annual filings grew from 43,581 in 2013 to 68,426 in 2023 (+57%), peaking at 74,521 applications in 2022. The most active applicants in class C12 are CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (10,330 applications), HARVARD UNIVERSITY (7,308 applications) and UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA (6,383 applications).

Source: EPO PATSTAT, worldwide filings

2 direct subcodes

Child Classifications

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Top Applicants

Top 10 applicants by patent filingsfor class C12, 2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT

  1. CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 10,330
  2. HARVARD UNIVERSITY US 7,308
  3. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA US 6,383
  4. JIANGNAN UNIVERSITY 5,144
  5. MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY US 4,121
  6. PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL US 3,630
  7. REGENERON PHARMACEUTICALS US 3,515
  8. CNRS (CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE) FR 3,499
  9. INSERM (INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE) FR 3,371
  10. CJ CHEILJEDANG CORPORATION KR 3,361