REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION OR SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

Description

Class F25 encompasses mechanical systems and equipment for removing heat and lowering temperatures, including vapor-compression and absorption refrigeration cycles, air conditioning, and cryogenic applications. It covers heat pump systems that provide both heating and cooling functionality, ice production and storage technologies, and processes for liquefying or solidifying gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen. The class includes thermodynamic cycles, refrigerants, compressors, condensers, evaporators, expansion devices, and auxiliary components, as well as industrial applications like food preservation, cold storage facilities, and gas separation plants. Related thermal management handled elsewhere includes general heating systems (class F24) and specialized cryogenic equipment classified under chemistry or physics (class C or G).