F23B METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL (for combustion of fuels that are solid at room temperatures, but burned in melted form, e.g. candle wax, C11C5/00, F23C, F23D; using solid fuel suspended in air F23C, F23D1/00; using solid fuel suspended in liquids F23C, F23D11/00; using solid fuel and fluent fuel simultaneously or alternately F23C, F23D17/00; burning of low grade fuel F23G; grates F23H; feeding solid fuel to combustion apparatus F23K; combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for F23M; domestic apparatus F24; central heating boilers F24D; package boilers F24H)
Introduced: September 1968
Description
F23B covers combustion systems and methods designed exclusively for solid fuels such as coal, coke, wood, biomass, and other carbonaceous materials. This subclass encompasses furnace design, combustion chambers, grate systems, ash handling mechanisms, and control equipment necessary for efficient solid fuel burning. Technologies include stoker-fired boilers, hand-fired hearths, fluidized bed combustors, and related accessories for regulating air supply and fuel feed. Processes for optimizing combustion conditions, heat transfer, and emission control in solid fuel applications also fall within this classification scope.
Title
Titles differ between systems:
IPC: METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
CPC: METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL (for combustion of fuels that are solid at room temperatures, but burned in melted form, e.g. candle wax, C11C5/00, F23C, F23D; using solid fuel suspended in air F23C, F23D1/00; using solid fuel suspended in liquids F23C, F23D11/00; using solid fuel and fluent fuel simultaneously or alternately F23C, F23D17/00; burning of low grade fuel F23G; grates F23H; feeding solid fuel to combustion apparatus F23K; combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for F23M; domestic apparatus F24; central heating boilers F24D; package boilers F24H)
Full Title
Full titles differ between systems:
METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL (for combustion of fuels that are solid at room temperatures, but burned in melted form, e.g. candle wax, C11C5/00, F23C, F23D; using solid fuel suspended in air F23C, F23D1/00; using solid fuel suspended in liquids F23C, F23D11/00; using solid fuel and fluent fuel simultaneously or alternately F23C, F23D17/00; burning of low grade fuel F23G; grates F23H; feeding solid fuel to combustion apparatus F23K; combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for F23M; domestic apparatus F24; central heating boilers F24D; package boilers F24H)
Additional Content IPC
Glossary
air a mixture of gases containing free oxygen and able to promote or support combustion primary air air supplied to the burning fuel in order to liberate combustible gases secondary air air supplied to the combustible gases liberated by the primary air in order to complete their combustion. The term "secondary air" covers "tertiary air" etc. ash means any solid combustion residues, for example remaining in the fuel bed or suspended in the flue gases Burner burners a device by which fluid fuel or solid fuel suspended in air is passed to a combustion space where it burns to produce a self-supporting flame Combustion a heat-producing sequence of chemical reactions between a burnable substance and molecular oxygen, e.g. in air, in most cases generating light in the form of flames or a glow combustion chamber combustion chambers a chamber in which fuel is burned to establish a self-supporting fire or flame and which surrounds that fire or flame combustion zone the part of the apparatus where the reaction takes place between air and fuel flue gases any gaseous products of combustion grate Grates a perforated surface (e.g. a grid) which supports or delimits a bed of burning fuel and serves to supply primary air
Limiting references
Combustion of both solid fuel and fluid fuel, simultaneously or alternately , Combustion of solid fuel suspended in a stream of air, e.g. combustion in fluidised beds or combustion of pulverised fuel using burners where the fuel is transported into the combustion chamber by an air stream , Combustion of solid fuel suspended in a liquid, e.g. combustion of coal-water slurry , Combustion of fuels that are solid at room temperatures, but burned in melted form, e.g. candle wax , ,
Application references
Baking ovens Cooking apparatus Lighting Generating steam Combustion specially adapted for waste or low grade fuel Generating combustion products of high temperature or high pressure Domestic stoves or ranges for cooking or local heating , Domestic heating systems or space-heating systems Heating of fluids, e.g. air or water Drying Heat treatment of material or articles
Of 20 combined children, 10 exist in both systems.
8 codes are CPC-only extensions, 2 exist only in IPC.
Note: 4 CPC extensions are marked as secondary classification only.
1 shared codes have differing titles between IPC and CPC.
Child Classifications
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- F23B 10/00 Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F23B 101/00 Adaptation of combustion apparatus to boilers in which the combustion chamber is situated inside the boiler vessel, e.g. surrounded by cooled surfaces since 2006 IPC only IPC only
- F23B 103/00 Adaptation of combustion apparatus for placement in or against an opening of a boiler, e.g. for replacing an oil burner since 2006 −1 IPC IPC only IPC only
- F23B 20/00 Combustion apparatus specially adapted for portability or transportability since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F23B 2101/00 Adaptation of combustion apparatus to boilers in which the combustion chamber is situated inside the boiler vessel, e.g. surrounded by cooled surfaces 2nd only CPC only CPC only
- F23B 2103/00 Adaptation of combustion apparatus for placement in or against an opening of a boiler, e.g. for replacing an oil burner 2nd only +1 CPC CPC only CPC only
- F23B 2900/00 Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using solid fuels; Combustion processes therefor 2nd only +6 CPC CPC only CPC only
- F23B 30/00 Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F23B 40/00 Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F23B 50/00 Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F23B 60/00 Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F23B 70/00 Combustion apparatus characterised by means returning solid combustion residues to the combustion chamber since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F23B 80/00 Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F23B 90/00 Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
- F23B 99/00 Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass since 2006 IPC+CPC Available in IPC and CPC
Top Applicants
Top Applicants (IPC)
Class F23,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- GE (GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY) US 2,124
- XIAN THERMAL POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE COMPANY 1,369
- NINGBO FOTILE KITCHENWARE COMPANY 1,363
- SIEMENS DE 997
- UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION (UTC) US 937
- GE (GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY) 898
- VATTI 815
- CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 719
- RINNAI COMPANY 708
- MITSUBISHI HITACHI POWER SYSTEMS 670
Top Applicants (CPC)
Class F23,2013–2023, worldwide · Source: EPO PATSTAT
- GE (GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY) US 2,581
- UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION (UTC) US 1,180
- SIEMENS DE 1,157
- GE (GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY) 994
- XIAN THERMAL POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE COMPANY 769
- MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES JP 701
- MITSUBISHI HITACHI POWER SYSTEMS JP 695
- RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION US 587
- NINGBO FOTILE KITCHENWARE COMPANY 543
- GENERAL ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY CH 490